In 1914, with the onset of World War I, Ottoman Turks abrogated the Règlement Organique (1860-1864) that had freed the Mount Lebanon Mutassarifiyah (Governorate) from Ottoman rule. Turkish troops re-invaded the country and imposed a draconian military occupation.

A perfect storm of food and animal requisitions, forced conscription, and a locust epidemic caused a generalized famine. Resistance leaders were hanged in downtown Beirut. By the end of the war, one-third of Mount Lebanon’s population had perished, and one-third had emigrated.

Of the six siblings of my grandparents’ generation, four left the country for Latin America. My paternal grandfather, Youssef Ayoub Hitti, settled in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, founded the Arzit Lebnen newspaper in 1916, and assembled an armed company of volunteers to fight on the side of the Allied Powers and contribute to the liberation of Lebanon. Youssef returned in 1922 after Turkey's defeat and the Governorate's expansion to today’s Greater Lebanon. This site is dedicated to preserving and continuing his life’s work, the Arzit Lebnen newspaper. Learn more

The Drawn Out French Lebanese Divorce

Le Long Divorce Franco-Libanais
No one doubts the slow decline of the French language (Francophonie) in Lebanon, a warning sign of future fractures to ...
Read more

Le Long Divorce Franco-Libanais

Le Long Divorce Franco-Libanais
11 décembre 2023 Il n’y a aucun doute que la francophonie au Liban est en déclin, un signe avant-coureur de ...
Read more

Lebanon: Likely Prospects of All-Out War

Tank Firing
Israel’s declared objective of eliminating Hamas is unachievable, according to most experts, even if Gaza were to suffer the fate ...
Read more

Understanding Huge Information Analytics: Benefits, Capabilities, And Use Cases

The analysis was made tougher by the quite a few failed swipes and canceled transactions that were widespread at the ...
Read more

Обзор платежной системы XCritical: как подключить в России и СНГ в 2024? Сервисы на vc ru

Если вы подпишитесь на услугу по ссылке на этой странице, Reeves and Sons Limited может получить комиссию. Полный обзор на ...
Read more
Previous 1234
© 2025 Marketer • Built by Armand
Privacy Policy Terms Contact